Products

To achieve maximum efficiency, farmers assess body condition, determine body weight and production potential, take pasture intake of green forage into account, and formulate a diet balanced for energy, protein, and vitamin-mineral content. The desired body condition score should be 3.0–3.5 before mating, 3.5 after kidding, 3.0 during the first 45 days of lactation, and 2.5 by day 90 of lactation.

For healthy physiology, goats must consume enough dry matter. Intake should range from 2 to 4 %, and in some cases may reach 6 %, depending on age and physiological status.

The total level of digestible nutrients in the diet of adult animals should not fall below 50%, while in young stock and lactating animals it should remain within 60–70 %. Goat diets should contain about 12 % fibre, including 18–20 % acid detergent fibre and 38–42 % neutral detergent fibre, which support rumen health and normal microflora balance.

The level of non-structural carbohydrates should not exceed 35–40 percent, while crude protein should remain within 12–14 %. To supply essential nutrients, farms use roughage, succulent feeds, concentrates, and functional additives such as vitamin-mineral premixes, sorbents, hepatoprotectors, and rumen health modifiers.

Hay is an important part of roughage. High-quality roughage includes alfalfa hay with 15–18 % moisture, which serves as a source of protein, fibre, and carotenoids. Cereal straw is usually used as an inexpensive balancing material to raise fibre level in the diet.

Concentrated feeds are produced from cereals, legumes, and oilseed crops used in their raw form or after processing. Common ingredients include ground or rolled corn, barley, wheat, bran, distillers grains, soybean, sunflower, and rapeseed cake and meal, beet molasses, and other products available in the region. To support normal digestive physiology, concentrates should not exceed 40 % of dry matter.

Vitamin-mineral premixes are used according to specific formulations, while functional additives are applied when needed. Diets with a high level of starchy polysaccharides should include buffer premixes to help prevent acidosis. After kidding, liquid energy supplements with calcium are recommended to reduce the risk of milk fever and displaced abomasum. During the transition period, energy supplements and protected fats help prevent ketosis. To bind feed mycotoxins, diets should include sorbents. Hepatoprotectors help prevent fatty liver. Horn tissue modifiers improve hoof condition, and hoof bath solutions help prevent diseases affecting the distal limb.

Pentru îngrășarea tineretului de capre lactante se utilizează lapte, iar în perioada de la 3 la 5 săptămâni se obișnuiesc cu furaje combinate de start. De regulă, iezii primesc colostru (primul lapte) și lapte în cantitate de aproximativ 10% din greutatea corporală.

Goat kids milk requirements

At the age of 4–6 months, goat kids are transferred to the diet used for dairy animals.